Improving Gross Motor Skills of Group B Children Through Modifying Traditional Games Based on Fun Learning in the Outdoor Area of Pertiwi Kindergarten XI A
Peningkatan Keterampilan Motorik Kasar Anak Kelompok B Melalui Modifikasi Permainan Tradisional Berbasis Fun Learning Di Area Outdoor Tk Pertiwi XI A
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56667/jveit.v7i1.2280Keywords:
motorik kasar, permainan tradisional, fun learning, area outdoor, anak usia diniAbstract
Gross motor skills are fundamental for early childhood physical and cognitive development. However, contemporary lifestyles and excessive screen time have led to a decline in children's physical activity levels. This study aims to improve the gross motor skills of Group B children through the modification of traditional games based on fun learning in the outdoor area of TK Pertiwi XI A. This research employs Classroom Action Research (PTK) using the Kemmis and McTaggart model, conducted in two cycles. The subjects were 15 children (8 boys and 7 girls) aged 5-6 years. Data collection techniques included observation, documentation, and field notes, analyzed using descriptive qualitative and quantitative methods. The results showed a significant improvement in gross motor skills. In the pre-cycle, only 33.3% of children reached the expected developmental milestones (BSH/BSB). This increased to 60% in Cycle I and reached 86.7% in Cycle II. The modification of traditional games, such as 'Engklek Hewan' and 'Lompat Tali Warna', combined with the stimulating outdoor environment, successfully increased children's intrinsic motivation, spatial awareness, and physical endurance. The study concludes that modifying traditional games with a fun learning approach in outdoor settings is highly effective in enhancing early childhood gross motor skills.
Downloads
References
[1] J. W. Santrock, Life-Span Development (Perkembangan Masa Hidup), 13th ed., vol. 1. Jakarta: Erlangga, 2018.
[2] A. Susanto, Perkembangan Fisik Motorik Anak Usia Dini. Jakarta: Kencana, 2017.
[3] E. B. Hurlock, Perkembangan Anak, 6th ed., vol. 1. Jakarta: Erlangga, 2011.
[4] Suyanto, Dasar-Dasar Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini. Yogyakarta: Hikayat, 2010.
[5] Kementerian Pendidikan, Kebudayaan, Riset, dan Teknologi, “Keputusan Menteri Pendidikan, Kebudayaan, Riset, dan Teknologi Republik Indonesia Nomor 56/M/2022 tentang Pedoman Penerapan Kurikulum dalam Rangka Pemulihan Pembelajaran,” Jakarta, 2022.
[6] Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan, “Peraturan Menteri Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia Nomor 137 Tahun 2014 tentang Standar Nasional Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini,” Jakarta, 2014.
[7] World Health Organization, “Guidelines on Physical Activity, Sedentary Behaviour and Sleep for Children under 5 Years of Age,” Geneva, 2019.
[8] K. R. Ginsburg, “The Importance of Play in Promoting Healthy Child Development and Maintaining Strong Parent-Child Bonds,” Pediatrics, vol. 119, no. 1, pp. 182–191, 2007.
[9] J. L. Frost, Play and Playscapes. Redleaf Press, 2012.
[10] I. Rahmawati and A. Susanto, “Pengaruh Permainan Tradisional terhadap Perkembangan Motorik Kasar dan Sosial Emosional Anak Usia 5--6 Tahun,” J. Ilm. Pendidik. Dasar, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 112–125, 2021.
[11] L. S. Vygotsky, Mind in Society: The Development of Higher Psychological Processes. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1978.
[12] Mansur, Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini dalam Keluarga dan Sekolah. Yogyakarta: Ar-Ruzz Media, 2015.
[13] A. R. Pratama, “Pemanfaatan Ruang Luar (Outdoor) sebagai Media Stimulasi Perkembangan Kinestetik Anak Usia Dini,” J. Obs. J. Pendidik. Anak Usia Dini, vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 2105–2115, 2022.
[14] A. S. Lillard, M. D. Lerner, E. J. Hopkins, R. A. Dore, E. D. Smith, and C. M. Palmquist, “The Impact of Pretend Play on Children’s Development: A Review of the Evidence,” Psychol. Bull., vol. 139, no. 1, pp. 1–34, 2013.
[15] P. K. Smith and A. D. Pellegrini, Learning Through Play. Paris: UNESCO, 2013.
[16] S. Kemmis, R. McTaggart, and R. Nixon, The Action Research Planner: Doing Critical Participatory Action Research. Springer, 2014.
[17] M. B. Miles, A. M. Huberman, and J. Saldaña, Qualitative Data Analysis: A Methods Sourcebook, 3rd ed. SAGE Publications, 2014.
[18] D. Lestari and H. Purnomo, “Modifikasi Permainan Tradisional Engklek untuk Meningkatkan Keseimbangan Dinamis Anak Usia Dini,” J. Pendidik. Anak Usia Dini, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 45–58, 2023.
[19] Cambridge Publishing, Playing and Learning in the Early Years: Working with Children, Families and Educators. Cengage Learning Australia, 2018.
